The National Academy of Medicine (NAM) today announced the election of 90 regular members and 10 international members during its annual meeting. Election to the Academy is considered one of the highest honors in the fields of health and medicine and recognizes individuals who have demonstrated outstanding professional achievement and commitment to service.
“This distinguished and diverse class of new members is a truly exceptional group of scholars and leaders whose expertise in science, medicine, health, and policy will be integral to helping the NAM address today’s most pressing health challenges and inform the future of health and health care for the benefit of everyone around the globe,” said National Academy of Medicine President Victor J. Dzau. “It is my privilege to welcome these esteemed individuals to the National Academy of Medicine.”
New members are elected by current members through a process that recognizes individuals who have made major contributions to the advancement of the medical sciences, health care, and public health. A diversity of talent among NAM’s membership is assured by its Articles of Organization, which stipulate that at least one-quarter of the membership is selected from fields outside the health professions — for example, from such fields as law, engineering, social sciences, and the humanities. The newly elected members bring NAM’s total membership to more than 2,200 and the number of international members to approximately 175.
Established originally as the Institute of Medicine in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Medicine addresses critical issues in health, science, medicine, and related policy and inspires positive actions across sectors. NAM works alongside the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding of STEMM. With their election, NAM members make a commitment to volunteer their service in National Academies activities.
Newly elected regular members of the National Academy of Medicine and their election citations are:
Susan L. Ackerman, PhD, investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; and Stephen W. Kuffler Chair in Biology and professor, department of cellular and molecular medicine, University of California, San Diego. For her identification of genes and their accompanying function in establishing novel mechanisms necessary for neuronal homeostasis and which, when defective, lead to neurodegeneration.
Rexford S. Ahima, MD, PhD, professor of medicine, public health, and nursing, Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of Diabetes, and director of Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. For innovative laboratory and translational studies that have elucidated the pathophysiology and potential therapies for obesity, diabetes, and related diseases.
Mark S. Anderson, MD, PhD, professor and Robert B. Friend and Michelle M. Friend Endowed Chair in Diabetes Research, Diabetes Center, department of medicine, University of California, San Francisco. For being a leader in the study of autoimmune diseases and the mechanisms that control immune tolerance. He was involved in the seminal discovery of the function of AIRE, a key transcriptional regulator that operates in the thymus to promote the display of a broad array of self-antigens.
Sonia Yris Angell, MD, MPH, assistant clinical professor of medicine, department of medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City. For leading the nation’s first municipal regulation to ban transfat, launching national coalitions to reduce sodium and sugar in our food supply, working globally to improve control of hypertension, and for global leadership in modeling environmental change to sustainably reduce risk and save lives.
Kyriacos A. Athanasiou, PhD, distinguished professor, Henry Samueli Chair in Engineering, and director of DELTAi (Driving Engineering & Life-science Translational Advances @ Irvine), department of biomedical engineering, University of California, Irvine. For inventing, developing, and translating technologies, such as articular cartilage implants and methods for intraosseous infusion, that impact several biomedical fields, including orthopedics, maxillofacial surgery, tissue engineering, diabetes, and emergency care.
Andrea A. Baccarelli, MD, PhD, MPH, Leon Hess Professor and chair, department of environmental health sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City. For pioneering work showing that environmental chemicals and lifestyle risk factors adversely affect the human epigenome, thereby producing adverse lifetime health consequences.
Regan Lucas Bailey, PhD, MPH, RD, professor of nutrition science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind. For her work in improving the methods to measure nutritional status for optimal health outcomes including better understanding intake exposures and the use of dietary supplements.
Laurence C. Baker, PhD, professor of medicine and Bing Professor of Human Biology, department of medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif. For contributions on consequences of rapid health care technology adoption, the importance of physician practice organization for costs and outcomes, the proliferation of out-of-network billing, and physician gender-based income disparities.
Gilda A. Barabino, PhD, president and professor of biomedical and chemical engineering, Olin College of Engineering, Needham, Mass. For leadership and contributions in shaping and transforming the face of biomedical engineering through the integration of scientific discovery, engineering applications, and the preparation of a diverse biomedical workforce to improve human health, and for her seminal discoveries in sickle cell research.
Deanna Marie Barch, PhD, chair and professor of psychological and brain sciences, and professor of psychiatry and radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis. For helping identify neural and psychological mechanisms that give rise to the symptoms of psychosis and other forms of mental illness that contribute significantly to disability.
Dan H. Barouch, MD, PhD, William Bosworth Castle Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; and director, Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston. For being an international leader in virology and immunology and developing novel vaccines and cure strategies for viruses of global importance, including working on one of the first COVID-19 vaccine candidates, the first Zika virus vaccine, and the first global mosaic HIV-1 vaccine, as well as defining immunotherapeutic HIV-1 cure strategies.
Randall John Bateman, MD, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Distinguished Professor of Neurology, department of neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis. For discovering the causes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the first highly specific blood test for AD, and initiating the first prevention trial in AD with a public-private clinical trial platform.
Michelle Bell, PhD, Mary E. Pinchot Professor of Environmental Studies, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. For global leadership in environmental health, addressing critical topics such as air pollution and climate change, and introducing large-scale models that have advanced environmental research at local and global levels.
William Anthony Beltran, DVM, PhD, professor of ophthalmology and director, Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, department of clinical sciences and advanced medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. For his translational research that has provided the scientific community with several clinically relevant large-animal models of inherited retinal degeneration, which he has used successfully to test neuroprotective, optogenetic, and gene therapy strategies, and which have led to clinical trials.
Frederick DuBois Bowman, PhD, dean of School of Public Health and professor of biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. For his research that has produced foundational analytic approaches for mining biomedical imaging data and has revealed insights across a range of areas, including biomarkers for Parkinson’s disease, brain patterns underlying major depression, neural correlates of cognitive aging, and detection of prostate cancer.
Myles Brown, MD, Emil Frei III Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; and director, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston. For his leadership in oncology and endocrinology, whose seminal contributions have fundamentally reformulated the mechanistic understanding of hormone dependence of breast and prostate cancers, enabling the development of new therapies for these diseases.
Brendan G. Carr, MD, MA, MS, professor and chair, department of emergency medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City. For significantly advancing the knowledge on systems of care for patients with acute injuries, stroke, and cardiovascular disease, and making significant contributions to the overall understanding of the distribution, design, and utilization of health services.
Nancy Carrasco, MD, professor and chair of molecular physiology and biophysics, and Joe C. Davis Chair of Biomedical Science, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn. For making exceptional contributions to elucidating mechanisms by which ions and other solutes are transported across biological membranes. Her work has broad impact and significance across biomedical fields ranging from biophysics and molecular physiology to cancer, metabolism, molecular endocrinology, and public health.
Edward F. Chang, MD, chair and professor of neurological surgery, University of California, San Francisco. For deciphering the functional blueprint of speech in the human cerebral cortex, pioneering advanced clinical methods for human brain mapping, and spearheading novel translational neuroprosthetic technology for paralyzed patients.
Judy H. Cho, MD, dean of translational genetics, director of Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, and Ward-Coleman Chair of Translational Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City. For establishing that uncommon, loss-of-function variants in the microbial-sensing domain of NOD2 confer risk for Crohn’s disease, and identifying a loss-of-function allele in the IL-23 receptor that protects against Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, leading to new, approved therapies.
Augustine M.K. Choi, MD, Stephen and Suzanne Weiss Dean, Weill Cornell Medicine, and provost for Medical Affairs, Cornell University, New York City. For pioneering the field of gaseous molecules to develop novel therapies to treat lung and non-pulmonary diseases, and making a transformative impact to improve mentorship, diversity and financial equity in medical education.
Peter L. Choyke, MD, senior investigator, Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. For pioneering advances in the imaging of prostate cancer that have enabled accurate localization of clinically significant tumors. His work has allowed more accurate and efficient biopsies as well as focal therapies that cause fewer side effects than conventional therapies.
Wendy K. Chung, M.D., PhD, Kennedy Family Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine, department of pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City. For identifying the genetic basis for over 45 monogenic conditions (two of which bear her name) across a wide range of diseases, and leading the pivotal study of newborn screening for spinal muscular atrophy. She was the original plaintiff in the Supreme Court case on gene patents.
David Wade Clapp, MD, Richard L. Schreiner Professor and chair, department of pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis. For his work that has led to fundamental new insights into the pathogenesis of NF-1 and improved lives for children and adults with this disorder, and for developing robust career development programs for trainees and faculty to become leaders themselves.
Daniel Colón-Ramos, PhD, McConnell Duberg Professor of Neuroscience and professor of cell biology, department of neuroscience and cell biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. For making fundamental discoveries regarding the cell biology of the synapse, including the role for glia in positioning synapses in vivo, the discovery that glycolytic proteins dynamically relocalize to synapses during energy stress, and elucidation of in vivo mechanisms regulating synaptic autophagy, both in physiology and disease.
Yolonda Lorig Colson, MD, PhD, chief of Division of Thoracic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Hermes C. Grillo Professor of Surgery in the Field of Thoracic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston. For contributions to the fields of thoracic surgery, polymer-mediated chemotherapy release, and lymphatic drug delivery, and for leading a national paradigm shift to improve maintenance of certification for surgeons.
Joanne M. Conroy, MD, chief executive officer and president, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Health; and professor of anesthesiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, N.H. For leading one of the nation’s most rural academic medical centers and being a pioneer in telemedicine and shared decision-making.
Merit Cudkowicz, MD, MSc, chief of neurology and director, Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Julieanne Dorn Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston. For leading the first neuroscience antisense oligonucleotide therapy trial, establishing the first platform trial in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), helping to develop a successful treatment for sporadic ALS, AMX0035, and creating global networks to accelerate treatment development for many disorders.
Ralph J. DeBerardinis, MD PhD, professor and Joel B. Steinberg, M.D. Chair in Pediatrics and Robert L. Moody, Sr. Faculty Scholar, Children’s Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. For fundamentally changing the understanding of cancer metabolism. His work emphasized the importance of mitochondria in tumor growth and identified metabolic vulnerabilities imposed by tumor genetics.
Ronald Paul DeMatteo, MD, John Rhea Barton Professor and chair, department of surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. For his work establishing the standard of care for combining surgery and targeted therapy (imatinib) for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and defining the immune response to GIST and its modulation by targeted therapy.
Justin B. Dimick, MD, MPH, Frederick A. Coller Distinguished Professor and chair, department of surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. For his leadership in elevating the science of health care policy evaluation, quality measurement, and comparative effectiveness research within surgical populations.
Cynthia E. Dunbar, MD, NIH Distinguished Investigator and branch chief, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. For leading pioneering genetic marking and therapy trials targeting hematopoietic stem cells, and developing uniquely predictive non-human primate models to successfully improve the safety and efficiency of various gene therapies as well as gain insights into hematopoiesis and immunology.
B. Mark Evers, MD, director, Lucille P. Markey Cancer Center; physician-in-chief of Oncology Service Line, UK Healthcare; professor and vice chair for research, department of surgery; and Markey Cancer Foundation Endowed Chair, University of Kentucky, Lexington. For his expertise on intestinal hormones and hormonal arcades in oncogenesis. His seminal insights defined the role of gut hormones on normal physiology and metabolism, pioneering innovative understanding of neuroendocrine cell biology and the role of neurohormonal pathways in the development and progression of neuroendocrine tumors.
Heinz Feldmann, MD, chief, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Mont. For leading the development of the vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine platform that resulted in the first Ebola vaccine. His mobile diagnostic laboratory for public health and biodefense emergencies is now used by the World Health Organization.
Toren Finkel, MD, PhD, professor of medicine and director, Aging Institute, G. Nicholas and Dorothy B. Beckwith Endowed Chair of Translational Medicine, department of medicine, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC, Pittsburgh. For providing the first demonstration that reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as endogenous signaling molecules, thus establishing the field of redox signaling. He has delineated how mitochondrial and cytosolic ROS are regulated, identified cellular redox targets, and defined how ROS-regulated pathways contribute to human disease and normal aging.
David E. Fisher, PhD, MD, Edward Wigglesworth Professor of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School; and chief, department of dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. For elucidating the ultraviolet (UV) pigmentation pathway, UV-seeking endorphin response, skin cancer prevention strategies, and hair graying mechanism; discovering melanoma and sarcoma oncogenes; and developing a routinely used melanoma diagnostic.
Scott E. Fraser, PhD, provost professor and Elizabeth Garrett Chair in Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. For integrating biophysics, quantitative biology, and molecular imaging to enable unprecedented views of normal function and disease in live organisms, from embryonic development to old age.
Christopher Friese, PhD, RN, Elizabeth Tone Hosmer Professor, School of Nursing, and director, Center for Improving Patient and Population Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. For exposing the significant relationships regarding nursing work environments and patient outcomes such as surgical mortality, and the discovery of unsafe practices and adverse effects on outcomes in ambulatory oncology that have impacted state and federal policy.
Sherine E. Gabriel, MD, MSc, president and James A. Campbell Distinguished Professor, Rush University, and chief academic officer, Rush University System for Health, Chicago. For her leadership in academic medicine and recognition for being an inspiring thought leader in research (especially links between rheumatic illness and cardiovascular disease), clinical business development, and educational innovation.
Levi A. Garraway, MD, PhD, executive vice president, head of global product development, and chief medical officer, Genentech/Roche, South San Francisco, Calif. For the discovery of genetic drivers of melanoma, prostate cancer, and other malignancies, the discovery of mechanisms of response and resistance to anticancer therapies in melanoma and other cancer types, pioneering platforms and approaches to cancer precision medicine, and incorporating precision medicine principles in therapeutic development.
Jeffrey Louis Goldberg, MD, PhD, professor and chair of ophthalmology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif. For his contribution to the understanding of the regeneration of retinal ganglion cells and axonal growth, and for being a driving force behind vision restoration clinical trials in glaucoma therapeutics and biomarker development.
Steven N. Goodman, MD, MHS, PhD, associate dean for clinical and translational research, professor of epidemiology and population health, and professor of medicine, department of epidemiology and population health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif. For his expertise in scientific inference and research reproducibility, utilizing diverse methods to inform public decisions about medical interventions. His work has led to a long series of critical contributions to national deliberative bodies, including medical journals, funders, insurers, the courts, and the NAM.
James Eric Gouaux Jr., PhD, investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; senior scientist, Vollum Institute; and Jennifer and Bernard Lacroute Endowed Chair in Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore. For providing unprecedented insight into the molecular structure and mechanism of the chemical synapses of the brain, showing how “signals” are passed from one nerve cell to another and how important therapeutic and illicit drugs alter the molecular structure and activities of crucial neurotransmitter receptors and transport proteins.
Garth Graham, MD, MPH, FACP, FACC, chief community health officer, CVS Health; and former president, Aetna Foundation, Hartford, Conn. For leadership in addressing social determinants of health and health disparities by directing major public and private sector efforts, including significant work as Health and Human Services Deputy Assistant Secretary in tackling health disparities, through expanding minority health infrastructure and creating the first federal health disparities reduction action plan.
William Adam Grobman, MD, MBA, professor and vice chair, department of obstetrics and gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago. For his paradigm-shifting research (including studies that have established standards for labor induction, labor management, vaginal birth after cesarean, and preterm birth prevention) and organizational leadership that has been instrumental in defining modern obstetric practice and improving care and outcomes for women and children.
John D. Halamka, MD, MS, president of Mayo Clinic platform administration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. For his innovation in the use of large-scale information technology to support health care delivery. His impact has been transformational regionally, nationally, and internationally.
Patrick J. Heagerty, PhD, professor, department of biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle. For his development of novel statistical models for longitudinal data to better diagnose disease, track its trajectory, and predict its outcomes. He has revolutionized how dynamic predictors are judged by their discrimination and calibration and has significantly advanced methods for randomized controlled trials.
Joel N. Hirschhorn, MD, PhD, chief, Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital; Concordia Professor of Pediatrics and professor of genetics, Harvard Medical School; and member, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston. For his development of methods and standards for performing and interpreting genome-wide association studies. He leads the Genetic Investigation of ANthropometric Traits (GIANT) consortium, which identified most currently known loci associated with stature and obesity.
Vivian Ho, PhD, James A. Baker III Institute Chair in Health Economics and professor of economics, Rice University; and professor of medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston. For her scholarly work in providing insights on how economic factors and government regulations interact to influence the cost and quality of health care. Her work has shaped policy on state Certificate of Need regulations, hospital antitrust, and free-standing emergency departments.
Holly J. Humphrey, MD, president, Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation; and Ralph W. Gerard Professor in Medicine Emerita, University of Chicago, New York City. For transforming medical education learning environments by creating cultures of equity, diversity, and belonging that prepare future health professionals to care for diverse populations and address social determinants of health.
Denise J. Jamieson, MD, MPH, James Robert McCord Professor and chair, department of obstetrics and gynecology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta. For leading public health efforts to reduce the impact of infectious diseases in women including gynecologic manifestations of HIV disease, implementing testing and antiretroviral strategies to reduce vertical HIV transmission, and responding to emerging infectious disease threats to pregnant women (e.g. pandemic influenza, Zika virus).
Joel Kaufman, MD, MPH, professor, departments of environmental and occupational health sciences, general internal medicine, and epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle. For his international leadership in understanding the health effects of ambient air pollution. His research integrates the disciplines of epidemiology, clinical investigation, exposure science, and toxicology, and he was among the first to establish and elucidate the surprising link between air pollutants and cardiovascular disease through acceleration of atherosclerosis.
Aaron S. Kesselheim, MD, JD, MPH, professor of medicine, Harvard Medical School; and faculty member, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, department of medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston. For his national leadership in studying how prescription drugs and medical devices interact with regulatory practices and the law to affect patient health outcomes. Blending rigorous empirical and policy analysis, his research shapes the understanding of how to improve the safety, effectiveness, and affordability of medical products.
Alex Kolodkin, PhD, Charles J. Homcy and Simeon G. Margolis Professor, Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore. For his leadership in neural development research relating to the establishment of neuronal connectivity. He is known for his work on neuronal guidance cues and their receptors, the discovery of semaphorins, and unveiling guidance cue roles in neural circuit assembly and function in insects and mammals.
Kam W. Leong, PhD, Samuel Y. Sheng Professor, departments of biomedical engineering and systems biology, Columbia University, New York City. For contributions to biomaterials science and engineering, particularly in the areas of drug delivery, gene delivery, and cell topography interactions.
Fei-Fei Li, PhD, professor, department of computer science, Stanford University; and co-director, Stanford Institute of Human-Centered AI (HAI), Stanford, Calif. For helping establish the field of vision-based artificial intelligence, engendering diverse high-yield medical applications, including her current innovative focus on health-critical clinician and patient behavior recognition.
Judy Lieberman, PhD, MD, chair of cellular and molecular medicine and professor of pediatrics, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston. For uncovering the molecular basis for mammalian and microbial cell death by cytotoxic lymphocytes and during inflammation/sepsis triggered by pathogens and danger signals. She pioneered harnessing ribonucleic acid (RNA) interference for therapy and gene discovery and was the first to show that small RNAs could be used as drugs in vivo.
Marc Lipsitch, DPhil, professor, departments of epidemiology and immunology and infectious diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. For making major immunologic, genomic, and evolutionary advances in understanding pneumococcal biology; contributing to defining influenza seasonality mechanisms; and making large contributions to computational/statistical methods for vaccine evaluation.
David R. Liu, PhD, Richard Merkin Professor and vice chair of the faculty, Broad Institute; Thomas Dudley Cabot Professor of the Natural Sciences and professor of chemistry and chemical biology, Harvard University; and investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, Mass. For creatively using principles of evolution to study biology and medicine, including the development of base editing and prime editing to modify genomes with unprecedented precision, the development of DNA‐templated and DNA‐encoded synthesis to facilitate drug discovery, and the development of phage‐assisted continuous evolution to speed protein evolution dramatically.
Susan S. Margulies, PhD, professor of medicine and chair, cellular and molecular medicine, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta. For identifying how and why injuries occur in children’s brains and lungs through the development and use of novel platform technologies and models, and for translating basic discoveries of three therapies in pre-clinical trials.
Kameron Leigh Matthews, MD, JD, FAAFP, assistant undersecretary for health for clinical services and chief medical officer, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, D.C. For leading a significant transformation in veterans’ health care by leveraging the Veteran Health Administration’s internal assets and external collaborations with academic and other community providers to deliver timely, high-quality care to all veterans regardless of residence.
Justin C. McArthur, MBBS, MPH, FAAN, FAN, director, department of neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore. For his translational research in HIV that has led to new disease therapies and changed clinical guidelines, and for being a thought leader in neurology and health care.
Matthew D. McHugh, PhD, JD, MPH, RN, professor and Independence Foundation Endowed Chair in Nursing, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia. For co-leading the largest-ever trial applying organizational redesign theory to improve hospital clinician well-being and patient safety in five European countries. His research on safe nurse staffing has resulted in new regulations in Australia, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.
Jerry R. Mendell, MD, Curran-Peters Chair of Pediatric Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital; and professor of pediatrics and neurology, Ohio State University, Columbus. For pioneering gene therapy for neuromuscular diseases, performing one the first in vivo adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy trials in 1999, and expanding the application of gene replacement, showing safety and efficacy for untreatable conditions like spinal muscular atrophy, receiving Food and Drug Administration approval as first systemic AAV delivery.
Raina Merchant, MD, MSHP, associate vice president and director, Center for Digital Health, University of Pennsylvania Health System; and associate professor, department of emergency medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. For her work in the constantly evolving landscape of digital media to gain insights about important health trends, and developing, deploying, evaluating, and refining novel tools and techniques to promote individual and population health.
Redonda Gail Miller, MD, MBA, president, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore. For her leadership in efforts to harness value, enhance patient experience, and improve population health. As president of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, she has championed cutting-edge clinical care and expanded efforts to improve community care through forward-thinking programs addressing the social determinants of health.
Karin Marie Muraszko, MD, Julian T. Hoff Professor and chair, department of neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. For her expertise on the treatment of individuals with brain tumors and congenital neurologic anomalies. She pioneered localized injection therapy with immunotoxin for leptomeningeal disease, presented the first prospective analysis of cerebellar mutism after posterior fossa surgery, and characterized development of syrinx spinal cord cavities with Chiari 1 malformation.
Velma McBride Murry, PhD, Lois Autrey Betts Endowed Chair and university professor, departments of health policy and human and organizational development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. For developing, evaluating, and implementing novel, strength-based, family preventive intervention programs, including the first technology family-based prevention designed to foster positive development and adjustment among youth. Her work addresses critical issues that confront underserved rural populations and emphasizes ways to harness the strengths and cultural assets that marginalized families and communities use to navigate challenging situations. Murry’s work reflects critical and innovative thinking to guide research, health policy, and practice.
Alondra Nelson, PhD, Harold F. Linder Professor, School of Social Science, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, N.J.; and president, Social Science Research Council, New York City. For making pioneering contributions to our understanding of community-based health perspectives; groundbreaking research on the public understanding of genetics; and illuminating the social, political, and ethical implications of technoscientific developments for health and well-being.
Henry L. Paulson, MD, PhD, Lucile Groff Professor of Neurology, department of neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. For making fundamental discoveries regarding protein aggregation and nucleotide repeat expansions as causes of neurodegenerative diseases, and pioneering novel therapeutic strategies, including nucleotide-based gene silencing and harnessing the cell’s own quality-control machinery, for this group of devastating disorders.
Corinne Peek-Asa, PhD, MPH, associate dean for research, College of Public Health, and professor, department of occupational and environmental health, University of Iowa, Iowa City. For pioneering the field of international injury and violence epidemiology, and for her work in prevention and policy science, including programs addressing road safety, interpersonal violence, fire safety, and workplace violence.
Aleksandar Rajkovic, MD, PhD, chief genomic officer and Stuart Lindsay Distinguished Professor in Experimental Pathology I, departments of pathology and of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive sciences, University of California, San Francisco. For leading, mentoring, and being a role model for physician-scientists in reproductive sciences. He discovered numerous genes that play critical roles in reproductive tract development, male and female infertility, and reproductive tract tumors. He has been at the forefront of innovative technologies in the discovery of mechanisms and diagnostics in reproductive pathologies.
Aviv Regev, PhD, head, Genentech Research and Early Development; professor of biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and core member, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Mass. For developing experimental and computational methods, especially in single-cell genomics, and applying them to physiology, immunology, and cancer biology, and for elucidating transcription factor networks in dendritic cells and T-cells that orchestrate immune responses to pathogens.
Antoni Ribas, MD, PhD, professor of medicine, surgery, and molecular and medical pharmacology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles. For defining the mechanistic basis of response and acquired resistance to immune checkpoint blockade cancer immunotherapies, and leading multicenter clinical trials that have provided transformative treatments for patients with advanced melanoma, changing it from a fatal disease to one that is often cured.
Paul M. Ridker, MD, MPH, Eugene Braunwald Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; and director, Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston. For his paradigm-shifting work that has not only provided proof-of-principle for the inflammation hypothesis of atherothrombosis but also provided clinicians with the first Food and Drug Administration-approved diagnostic test for vascular inflammation and the first proven anti-inflammatory treatment for atherosclerosis.
Pardis C. Sabeti, MD, DPhil, MSc, professor, departments of organismic and evolutionary biology and immunology and infectious disease, Harvard University; member, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; and investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, Mass. For her leadership in generating and releasing the first viral genome data during the 2013-2016 West African Ebola outbreak to advance countermeasures in the response. Her team’s work in genomics, information theory, diagnostics, rural surveillance, and education have further contributed to efforts to combat Zika, Lassa, Ebola, malaria, and many other infectious diseases.
Hongjun Song, PhD, Perelman Professor of Neuroscience, department of neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. For making transformative discoveries to reveal unexpected dynamics and plasticity of the neuronal epigenome, as well as its functions under physiological and pathological conditions. In response to urgent global health concerns, his team made a series of timely discoveries on the pathogenesis, mechanisms, and treatment of Zika virus infections.
Louis M. Staudt, MD, PhD, chief, Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, and director, Center for Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. For demonstrating that genetic profiling can distinguish lymphoma subtypes, predict patient survival, and individualize therapy, thus playing a key role in launching the era of cancer precision medicine. He devised loss-of-function genetic screens for essential cancer genes, thereby enabling effective targeted therapies for molecular subtypes of lymphoma.
Patricia Stone, PhD, MS, RN, Centennial Professor of Health Policy in Nursing, School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York City. For expertise in economic evaluation and patient safety related to health policy, nursing services, infection control, and employee and system outcomes. Her research has contributed to significant policy change to state and federal legislative mandates that hospitals collect and report data on infections.
Sean D. Sullivan, BScPharm, PhD, dean and professor, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle. For pioneering U.S. guidelines for evidence-based drug formulary development. With insurers, he created the value-based formulary product and was the first health economist to serve on global respiratory guidelines (asthma and COPD) panels incorporating economic considerations into recommendations.
Melody A. Swartz, PhD, William B. Ogden Professor, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering and Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago. For pioneering contributions to the field of lymphatic physiology and immunobiology, and the elucidation of how lymphatics regulate immunity, tolerance, and tumor progression.
Herman A. Taylor Jr., MD, MPH, Endowed Professor and director, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta. For his work in cardiovascular disease (CVD) disparities and in establishing the groundbreaking Jackson Heart Study in African Americans, which has made contributions of international significance. His work on environmental, psychosocial, physiological, and genetic influences on CVD in Blacks has produced a growing body of work with implications that transcend race and geography.
Hannah A. Valantine, MD, MRCP, FACC, professor of medicine, Stanford University; former chief officer of scientific workforce diversity, National Institutes of Health; and senior investigator, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Stanford, Calif. For her national leadership in both scientific workforce diversity and cardiac transplantation research. Her data-driven approach in these two important areas has led to game-changing policies and new programs that enriched the nation’s biomedical talent pool and have generated paradigm-shifting innovations in patient care.
Amy L. Vincent, DVM, PhD, research veterinary medical officer and lead scientist, Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa. For her groundbreaking research that led to improved vaccines and surveillance for swine influenza, characterization of vaccine-associated enhanced disease in a swine influenza model, and characterization of pandemic potential for swine influenza viruses.
Robert M. Wachter, MD, Holly Smith Distinguished Professor and chair, department of medicine, University of California, San Francisco. For his major contributions in patient safety and quality, digital health, medical education, professionalism, health care policy, and the organization of hospital care.
Amy K. Wagner, MD, professor, vice chair of faculty development, and director of translational research and of Brain Injury Medicine Fellowships, department of physical medicine and rehabilitation; professor of neuroscience and associate director of rehabilitation research, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research; and training faculty, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh. For her work in developing innovative models of brain injury, using in vivo neurotransmission monitoring to study genomic/proteomic/metabolomic contributions to pathophysiology and functional recovery. She has successfully combined efforts of multiple disciplines including neuropsychology/surgery, endocrinology, pharmacology, and public health to advance the field.
David S. Wilkes, MD, dean and James Carroll Flippin Professor of Medical Sciences, departments of medicine and of immunology, cancer biology, and microbiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va. For leading his institutions to record levels of research funding; guiding the Harold Amos Faculty Development Program to markedly increase minority physician scientist trainees; and creating a paradigm shift and novel drug development when discovering autoimmunity contributes to chronic rejection post-lung transplantation and in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Consuelo H. Wilkins, MD, MSCI, professor of medicine and vice president for health equity, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn. For pioneering the development of novel methods to engage traditionally hard-to-reach communities in the design and conduct of clinical research, effectively integrating participant and community perspectives. Her innovations have transformed nationwide and global data science initiatives by addressing disparities in the research participation.
Carlos Alberto Zarate Jr., MD, NIH Distinguished Investigator and chief, Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Division Intramural Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. For demonstrating that a single ketamine infusion has rapid, robust, and relatively sustained antidepressant effects in individuals with treatment-resistant depression and bipolar depression, in addition to significant anti-suicidal and anti-anhedonic effects. Identifying ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant and anti-suicidal ideation agent was a paradigm shift in psychiatry.
Xiaowei Zhuang, PhD, David B. Arnold Professor of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. For pioneering super-resolution imaging and imaging-based single-cell genomics, and for using these methods to uncover novel structures in cells, novel spatial and functional organization of cells in tissues, and examples of how misregulation may cause disorders.
Newly elected international members and their election citations are:
Elisabeth B. Binder, MD, PhD, director, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany. For her work on understanding molecular mechanisms in gene x environment interactions in psychiatry, especially in the area of early adversity (e.g., discovery of FKBP5 – by adversity interactions). Her work provides evidence for epigenetic mechanisms mediating the long-term effects of adversity and their moderation by genetic variation.
Wang Chen, MD, PhD, vice president and academician, Chinese Academy of Engineering; and president, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. For his leadership of China’s three leading medical bodies and his impactful clinical research and medical reforms.
Pierre-Alain Clavien, MD, PhD, professor and chair, department of surgery and transplantation, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. For his leadership in clinical outcomes research that led to the development of the Clavien-Dindo classification and an index of morbidity, which are the standard of reporting worldwide, as well as for his scientific contributions to the field of liver surgery and transplantation.
Hugues de Thé, MD, PhD, professor and chair of cellular and molecular oncology, Collège de France; physician, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France. For his work in first cloning the PML-RARA fusion gene that is the initiating event for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, defining many of the mechanisms of action of the fusion protein, and uncovering the basis of responsiveness to retinoic acid and arsenic, which established the regimen that ultimately cures nearly all patients.
John E. Dick, PhD, FRS, Canada Research Chair in Stem Cell Biology and senior scientist, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network; and professor, department of molecular genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. For developing a system for transplanting normal and malignant human hematopoietic cells into immunodeficient mice as a way to identify and characterize both normal and leukemic human stem cells (LSC). His lab demonstrated that only a small proportion of these cells were capable of initiating leukemia.
Jason Leitch, BDS, FDS, FRCS, DDS, MPH., national clinical director, Scottish Government, Edinburgh, Scotland. For his work in Scotland that serves as the global model for patient safety and improvement. He has drafted the template for improving the health and well-being of populations worldwide, and has been recognized with the award of the Commander of the British Empire by the Queen in 2019.
Kypros H. Nicolaides, FRCOG, professor of fetal medicine, King’s College, London University, London, United Kingdom. For improving the care of pregnant women worldwide with pioneering rigorous and creative approaches, and making seminal contributions to prenatal diagnosis and every major obstetrical disorder.
Anne Marie Rafferty, BSc, MPhil, DPhil (Oxon), professor of nursing policy, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery, and Palliative Care, King’s College, London, United Kingdom. For her innovative, large-scale research that shows professional nurse understaffing in hospitals is associated with excess mortality and patient dissatisfaction, informing new value-based policy directions.
Eiichi Saitoh, MD, DMSc, president, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan. For being a leading academician in physical medicine and rehabilitation in Japan and Asia and a world leader in the study of dysphagia. His groundbreaking research includes the development of robotic rehabilitation technology as well as assistive technology including smart home for elderly and the study of basic mechanism of dysphagia using 3-D CT.
Tien Y. Wong, MBBS, MPH, PhD, FRCSE, FRANZCO, FRCO, FAMS, Arthur Lim Professor and medical director, Singapore National Eye Center; vice dean, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore; deputy group chief executive officer (research and education), SingHealth, Singapore. For defining the global prevalence and risk factors for the major eye diseases including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and myopia, and devising strategies to implement screening and disease prevention through the use of telemedicine and innovative imaging; and for leadership in developing academic pathways for clinician-scientists.
The National Academy of Medicine, established in 1970 as the Institute of Medicine, is an independent organization of eminent professionals from diverse fields including health and medicine; the natural, social, and behavioral sciences; and beyond. It serves alongside the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering as an adviser to the nation and the international community. Through its domestic and global initiatives, the NAM works to address critical issues in health, medicine, and related policy and inspire positive action across sectors. The NAM collaborates closely with its peer academies and other divisions within the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
