The National Academy of Medicine (NAM) today announced the election of 90 regular members and 10 international members during its annual meeting. Election to the Academy is considered one of the highest honors in the fields of health and medicine and recognizes individuals who have demonstrated outstanding professional achievement and commitment to service.
“These newly elected members represent the most exceptional scholars and leaders whose remarkable work has advanced science, medicine, and health in the U.S. and around the globe,” said National Academy of Medicine President Victor J. Dzau. “Their expertise will be vital to addressing today’s most pressing health and scientific challenges and informing the future of health and medicine for the benefit of us all. I am honored to welcome these esteemed individuals to the National Academy of Medicine.”
New members are elected by current members through a process that recognizes individuals who have made major contributions to the advancement of the medical sciences, health care, and public health. A diversity of talent among NAM’s membership is assured by its Articles of Organization, which stipulate that at least one-quarter of the membership is selected from fields outside the health professions — for example, from such fields as law, engineering, social sciences, and the humanities. The newly elected members bring NAM’s total membership to more than 2,200 and the number of international members to approximately 180.
Established originally as the Institute of Medicine in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Medicine addresses critical issues in health, science, medicine, and related policy and inspires positive actions across sectors. NAM works alongside the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding. With their election, NAM members make a commitment to volunteer their service in National Academies activities.
Newly elected regular members of the National Academy of Medicine and their election citations are:
Edwin (Ted) G. Abel, Ph.D., Roy J. Carver Chair in Neuroscience; director, Iowa Neuroscience Institute; and chair, department of neuroscience and pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City. For pioneering work in defining the molecular mechanisms of long-term memory storage, and identifying how these processes go awry in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders.
Denise R. Aberle, M.D., professor of radiology and bioengineering and vice chair for research/radiological sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. For leading the National Cancer Institute-sponsored National Lung Screening Trial, in which low-dose CT screening was shown to reduce lung cancer mortality by 20 percent over chest radiographic screening.
Charles S. Abrams, M.D., Francis C. Wood Professor of Medicine, departments of medicine, pathology, and laboratory medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. For launching an initiative to improve the lives of sickle cell patients worldwide, which led to a National Clinical Trials Network, a program to improve access to care for U.S. patients, and a plan to enable newborn screening in Africa.
Anthony P. Adamis, M.D., senior vice president, development innovation, Genentech/Roche; and lecturer in ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, South San Francisco. For co-discovering the key role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in eye disease, and obtaining FDA approval for the first anti-VEGF drug in ophthalmology, which treats millions of people annually.
Adaora Alise Adimora, M.D., M.P.H., Sarah Graham Kenan Distinguished Professor of Medicine and professor of epidemiology, Division of Infectious diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. For research on heterosexual HIV transmission among African Americans that has helped shift the HIV prevention field from its previous exclusive focus on individual behaviors to one that now recognizes the importance of social determinants in HIV transmission and the urgent need for structural interventions that change those determinants.
Julia Adler-Milstein, Ph.D., associate professor of medicine and director, Center for Clinical Informatics and Improvement Research, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. For research on health information exchange, the impact of health IT on health care cost and quality, and the structure of health care teams, organizations, and markets.
Nita Ahuja, M.D., M.B.A., William H. Carmalt Professor of Surgery and chair, department of surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. For changing our understanding of the cells of origin in multiple tumor types, and the role of epigenetic dysregulation in gastrointestinal cancers, leading to the development of biomarkers for early detection of colorectal and pancreatic cancers, and epigenetic therapeutics.
C. David Allis, Ph.D., Joy and Jack Fishman Professor and head, Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, The Rockefeller University, New York City. For pioneering the epigenetics field, and discovering covalent modifications of histone proteins and their critical roles in the regulation of gene expression and chromatin organization.
David G. Amaral, Ph.D., Distinguished Professor, department of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and Center for Neuroscience, and Beneto Foundation Chair, The MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, Sacramento. For discovering fundamental principles of memory, emotion, social behavior, and brain plasticity, and also contributing seminal insights to our understanding of psychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder.
Vineet Arora, M.D., MAPP, professor of medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago. For pioneering work to optimize resident fatigue and patient safety during long shifts, which informed the Institute of Medicine’s 2009 report and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education’s 2011 duty hours restrictions.
Carol J. Baker, M.D., professor of pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. For her expertise in group B streptococcal (GBS) epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prevention, and discovering the critical capsular component for conjugate vaccine development.
Colleen L. Barry, Ph.D., M.P.P., Fred and Julie Soper Professor and chair, department of health policy and management, and co-director, Center for Mental Health and Addiction Policy Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore. For leading scholarly work on the design and impact of policies on mental health and addiction, and showing how policies affect access to health care and social services, financing, and mortality for those with mental illness and addiction.
Elaine E. Batchlor, M.D., M.P.H., chief executive officer, Martin Luther King Jr. Community Hospital, Los Angeles. For leadership in improving access and quality care for underserved communities, as chief medical officer for the nation’s largest public health plan and as a driving force as founding CEO of the state-of-the-art Martin Luther King Jr. Community Hospital in a deeply underserved section of Los Angeles.
Peter S. Bearman, Jonathan R. Cole Professor of the Social Sciences, Columbia University, New York City. For being one of two original designers of the influential Adolescent Health Study, and making critically important discoveries concerning the influence of social networks on sexually transmitted disease and the rise of autism diagnoses.
Sangeeta Bhatia, M.D., Ph.D., John J. and Dorothy Wilson Professor, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science and the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge. For pioneering small-scale technologies to interface cells with synthetic platforms, with applications in liver tissue regeneration, diagnostics, and cancer therapy, and developing human microlivers that model drug metabolism and liver disease, achieving novel high-throughput models for diseases such as hepatitis C and human malaria.
L. Ebony Boulware, M.D., M.P.H., Eleanor Easley Professor of Medicine and chief, Division of General Internal Medicine, department of medicine; director, Clinical and Translational Science Institute; and associate vice chancellor for translational research and vice dean for translational science, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, N.C. For her thought leadership in community engagement, and identifying patient, provider, and system-level barriers that cause disparate outcomes in minority patients with chronic kidney disease.
Charles C. Branas, Ph.D., chair and Anna Cheskis and Murray Gelman Professor, department of epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City. For pioneering novel geographic science and place-based design to solve critical issues like gun violence, and showing that removing urban blight reduces gun violence and improves mental health.
David Cella, Ph.D., Ralph Seal Paffenbarger Professor and chair, department of medical social sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago. For his work in identifying and measuring what matters to people seeking health care, which has paved the way for patient-centered care.
Deborah J. Cohen, Ph.D., professor of family medicine and research vice chair, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. For shaping the field of mixed-methods research, developing groundbreaking methods for evaluating and accelerating change and incorporating useful technologies into practice, and being principal investigator of one of the largest Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality grants ever (EvidenceNOW).
Dorin Comaniciu, Ph.D., senior vice president, Artificial Intelligence and Digital Innovation, Siemens Healthineers, Princeton, N.J. For contributions to diagnostic imaging and image-guided therapy that have benefited numerous patients to receive better and faster diagnosis and treatment.
Rui Costa, D.V.M., Ph.D., professor of neuroscience and neurology and director, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York City. For discovering fundamental neural circuit mechanisms underlying self-paced action initiation and action learning, and making important contributions to the understanding of action sequencing and automatization.
Rebecca Miriam Cunningham, M.D., interim vice president for research and William G. Barsan Collegiate Professor of Emergency Medicine, Medical School, and professor of health behavior and health education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. For leading research on youth injury risk behaviors, and spearheading emergency department-based violence prevention programs for at-risk youth, including hospital- and community-based violence prevention.
Hongjie Dai, Ph.D., J.G. Jackson and C.J. Wood Professor of Chemistry, department of chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif. For bridging nanoscience and nanomaterials with biological and biomedical systems, and for work on carbon nanotube and graphene based biosensors, fluorescence/raman bio-probes, drug delivery, and photothermal based therapy.
James Tilmon Dalton, Ph.D., dean and professor of pharmaceutical sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. For discovering a new class of drugs known as selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) and, with his team, being the first to report their crystal structure, which has led to innovative treatments for muscle wasting, cachexia, age-related frailty/sarcopenia, and hypogonadism.
Beverly L. Davidson, Ph.D., professor of pathology and laboratory medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; and Arthur V. Meigs Chair in Pediatrics and director, Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular & Molecular Therapy, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia. For being on the forefront of developing innovative therapies and medicines for fatal, inherited brain disorders, which are engineered to either remove toxic proteins or replace missing proteins, and for improving or preventing disease progression.
George Demiris, Ph.D., PIK University Professor, department of biobehavioral and health sciences, School of Nursing, and department of biostatistics, epidemiology, and informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. For groundbreaking research that has advanced our understanding and application of health informatics to improve the health of vulnerable populations and influence health policy.
Raymond N. DuBois Jr., M.D., Ph.D., dean, College of Medicine, and professor of biochemistry and medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. For discovering the critical and mechanistic role of prostaglandins (PGs)/cyclooxygenase in colon cancer and its malignant progression, elucidating the role of PGs in the tumor microenvironment, and spearheading the now common use of drugs for human cancer prevention that target the PG pathway, like aspirin and other NSAIDs.
James H. Eberwine, Ph.D., Elmer Holmes Bobst Professor of Pharmacology, department of systems pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. For pioneering work in the field of single-cell genomics that has revealed the complexities of human and mouse transcriptome variability.
Elizabeth C. Engle, M.D., investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; professor of neurology and ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School; senior associate in neurology, ophthalmology, and genetics, Boston Children’s Hospital; and associate member, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston. For seminal research that has defined a new category of developmental brain disorder of the human central nervous system, especially the brainstem and cranial nerves, manifesting as congenital ocular or facial dysmotility, and often accompanied by motor and cognitive dysfunction as well as non-neurological birth defects.
Deborah Estrin, Ph.D., professor of computer science, Cornell University, and associate dean for impact, Cornell Tech, New York City. For applying computer architecture and mobile sensing concepts to (1) accelerate the design and demonstration of novel applications and analytics that leverage mobile devices and patient-generated data to accelerate data-driven personal health management, and (2) inspire, create, and convene a rigorous multi-disciplinary mHealth research community.
Betty R. Ferrell, Ph.D., FAAN, director and professor, Division of Nursing Research and Education, City of Hope, Duarte, Calif. For her pioneering work in the fields of palliative and end-of-life care, and developing and leading the End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium, which has trainers in 99 countries and in every U.S. state and has impacted the lives of patients and their family caregivers.
Jorge E. Galán, D.V.M., Ph.D., Lucille P. Markey Professor of Microbial Pathogenesis, professor of cell biology, and chair, department of microbial pathogenesis, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. For pioneering the study of the pathogenesis of salmonella and campylobacter and the study of type III protein secretion systems, and for catalyzing the birth of the field of cellular microbiology.
Tejal Kanti Gandhi, M.D., M.P.H., chief clinical and safety officer, Institute for Healthcare Improvement, Boston. For leadership in the fields of patient safety and quality, and wide-ranging influence in the field through thought leadership, research, and educational efforts.
Sharon Gerecht, Ph.D., professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering and Kent Gordon Croft Investment Faculty Scholar, and director, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. For seminal studies on the interactions between stem cells and their microenvironments, and for engineering artificial cell microenvironments capable of guiding vascular differentiation, delivery, and regeneration of tissues.
Margaret Anne Goodell, Ph.D., chair, department of molecular and cellular biology, and professor, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston. For discovering fundamental principles underlying differentiation and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells, revealing how epigenetic regulation is required for differentiation and how the immune system coordinates hematopoietic regeneration in response to pathogens.
Laura M. Gottlieb, M.D., M.P.H., director, Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network, and associate professor, department of family and community medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. For rigorously testing, applying, and disseminating pragmatic methods for addressing social determinants of health in clinical settings.
Stephan A. Grupp, M.D, Ph.D., Novotny Professor of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; and section chief, cellular therapy and transplant, Division of Oncology, and director, Cancer Immunotherapy Program, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia. For pioneering the development of an entirely novel therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and leading the first global engineered cell therapy trial that demonstrated effective sustained ALL remissions, making him a leader in cancer immunotherapy.
Sanjay K. Gupta, M.D., FACS, associate chief of neurosurgery, Grady Memorial Hospital; associate professor of neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine; and chief medical correspondent, CNN, Atlanta. For helping the public understand the causes, impact, and management of myriad medical and public health challenges, and bridging the gap of health care knowledge by redefining our public discourse.
J. Silvio Gutkind, Ph.D., Distinguished Professor, department of pharmacology, and associate director of basic science, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego. For contributions in the understanding of cancer signaling networks, and pioneering the study of the PIK3CA-mTOR signaling circuitry in oral, head, and neck cancer progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance.
Daphne Adele Haas-Kogan, M.D., professor of radiation oncology, Harvard Medical School, and chair, department of radiation oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston. For research on the study of genetic abnormalities of brain tumors and successfully translating laboratory discoveries to the treatment of cancer, which led a multitude of successful clinical trials that have helped shape targeted therapies for adult and pediatric malignancies.
Julia A. Haller, M.D., ophthalmologist-in-chief and William Tasman M.D. Endowed Chair, Wills Eye Hospital; and professor and chair, department of ophthalmology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia. For innovating translational advances against blindness on many fronts, including sustained drug delivery devices, ocular pharmacotherapy, retinal “chip” implants, gene therapy, telemedicine, and combating health care disparities.
M. Elizabeth Halloran, M.D., D.Sc., professor of biostatistics, University of Washington; and full member, Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle. For pioneering the development of statistical methods and modeling for evaluating vaccines in populations, and contributions to evaluating direct and indirect effects of vaccines and improving design and analysis of vaccine studies.
Diane Havlir, M.D., professor and associate chair of clinical research, department of medicine, and chief, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. For leadership positions in the World Health Organization and the International AIDS Society, challenging conventions in HIV treatment and prevention, and dedication to ending the epidemic.
Debra Elaine Houry, M.D., M.P.H., director, National Center for Injury Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. For leading the nation’s largest public health institution focused on prevention of injuries including overdoses, suicide, and violence, and highlighting the multiple harms associated with the opioid epidemic.
Akiko Iwasaki, Ph.D., Waldemar Von Zedtwitz Professor of Immunobiology and professor of molecular, cellular, and developmental biology and of dermatology, The Anlyan Center for Medical Research, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. For major discoveries in the areas of innate sensing of viruses, and instruction of adaptive anti-viral immunity, laying the foundation for key concepts in viral immunity and viral pathogenesis, and introducing innovative approaches in vaccine design.
Elizabeth M. Jaffee, M.D., Dana and Albert “Cubby” Broccoli Professor of Oncology, department of oncology, and deputy director, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. For elucidating the complex interactions between T cell subsets and cancer and translating those findings into two generations of vaccine platforms to develop pancreatic cancer antigen and biomarker discovery approaches.
S. Claiborne (Clay) Johnston, M.D., Ph.D., dean, Dell Medical School, and vice president for medical affairs, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin. For leadership in neuroscience and research in stroke prevention that has recognizably changed the practice of medicine, and for launching a new medical school that is redefining the role of academic medicine in population health, care delivery, and research.
Rainu Kaushal, M.D., M.P.H., Nanette Laitman Distinguished Professor of Healthcare Policy and Research and chair, department of health care policy and research, Weill Cornell Medicine; and physician-in-chief, Healthcare Policy and Research, New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York City. For leadership on the quality, safety, and personalization of health care with expertise in patient safety, health information technology and exchange, and social determinant integration in health care delivery.
K. Craig Kent, M.D., dean and vice president for health sciences, Leslie H. and Abigail S. Wexner Dean’s Chair in Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus. For developing new imaging techniques, and leadership in aneurysm screening and in the evolution of vascular interventions from maximally to minimally invasive that have saved countless lives.
Adrian R. Krainer, Ph.D., St. Giles Foundation Professor, Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. For his work in developing Nusinersen (Spinraza), effectively curing otherwise fatal spinal muscular atrophy.
Peter Kihwan Lee, Ph.D., corporate vice president, Microsoft Healthcare, Microsoft Corp., Redmond, Wash. For advancing state-of-the-art artificial intelligence for precision medicine, including genomics, immunomics, and medical imaging, and in cloud technology for health care, including health data interoperability, health delivery optimization, and population health.
Richard S. Legro, M.D., University Professor and chair, department of obstetrics and gynecology, and professor, department of public health sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pa. For leading clinical trials that improved the reproductive outcomes of women with polycystic ovary syndrome and reduced their cardiovascular risk.
Michael Lenardo, M.D., chief, Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and director, Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. For the discoveries of molecular mechanisms of immunological tolerance, seminal work on programmed cell death, defining new inherited genetic diseases of immunity, and developing targeted therapies that have saved the lives of children suffering from certain of these devastating diseases.
Ernst Robert Lengyel, M.D., Ph.D., Arthur L. and Lee G. Herbst Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology and chair, department of obstetrics and gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago. For his leadership on the biology of ovarian cancer and research that has advanced knowledge of signaling in the tumor microenvironment.
Scott W. Lowe, Ph.D., investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; and chair, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City. For pioneering the characterization of tumor suppressor gene networks and their involvement in carcinogenesis, therapeutic resistance, and cellular senescence.
Carol M. Mangione, M.D., M.S.P.H., chief, Division of General Medicine and Health Services Research, and Barbara A. Levey MD and Gerald S. Levey MD Endowed Chair, David Geffen School of Medicine, and professor of medicine and public health, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles. For pioneering the understanding of how system-level interventions, benefit design, and cost sharing affect quality and outcomes for low-income persons with diabetes.
Elaine R. Mardis, Ph.D., FAACR, Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Nationwide Foundation Endowed Chair in Genomic Medicine and co-executive director, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital; and professor of pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus. For developing sequencing technology for the Human Genome Project and identifying cancer mutations targeted by small molecule inhibitors.
Peter Margolis, M.D., Ph.D., co-director, James M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence, and professor of pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati. For his leadership on large-scale health system innovation and transformation, and creating a new form of collaborative Learning Health System that demonstrates improved outcomes for millions of children.
Ellen R. Meara, Ph.D., Peggy Y. Thomson Professor in the Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, N.H. For contributions in understanding how technological change and government policies affect health outcomes and inequality and establishing how innovations in neonatal care affect inequality, and the health impact of policies such as black-box warnings, health insurance, and state-level opioid restrictions.
David Meyers, M.D., FAAFP, chief physician, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Md. For his thought and executive leadership of the agency’s essential research functions and early and innovative direction of primary care and practice transformation research portfolios that has shaped national thinking and guided $1 billion in research and demonstration efforts by AHRQ.
Guo-li Ming, M.D., Ph.D., Perelman Professor of Neuroscience, department of neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. For pioneering the use of patient-derived human stem cells to model genetic and environmental risk for brain disorders, which has transformed our understanding of underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies.
Kathleen M. Neuzil, M.D., M.P.H., professor of medicine and pediatrics and director, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore. For leadership in vaccine science, policy, and introduction, pivotal research on influenza that informed U.S. policy, and her work on rotavirus, HPV, and Japanese encephalitis vaccines in developing countries that informed vaccine policy recommendations and catalyzed introductions globally.
Craig D. Newgard, M.D., M.P.H., FACEP, professor, department of emergency medicine, and director, Center for Policy and Research in Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. For leadership in health systems research using big data, and addressing real-world issues in emergency medical services, trauma care, and effective emergency care delivery across broad populations.
Luigi D. Notarangelo, M.D., chief, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. For making seminal discoveries in the characterization of the molecular and cellular bases of several forms of primary immune deficiencies, and for his leadership role in the creation of networks of centers that care for patients with these disorders, aiming to improve diagnosis and treatment.
Gabriel Nuñez, M.D., Paul de Kruif Endowed Professor of Pathology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. For leadership in the field of innate immunity and identifying Nod-like receptors (NLRs) and the link between NOD2 and Crohn’s disease.
Andre Nussenzweig, Ph.D., chief, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. For making seminal discoveries that speak to how cells maintain their own genome stability, allow chromosome fragility, and license leukemogenesis at the hands of aberrant DNA repair.
Krzysztof Palczewski, Ph.D., Irving H. Leopold Professor and director, Center for Translational Vision Research, departments of ophthalmology and physiology and biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine. For elucidating the three-dimensional structure of the G-protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin; determining the structure and function of rhodopsin kinase and other critical visual cycle proteins; defining the biochemistry of cyclic GMP metabolism in photoreceptors; developing two-photon imaging for the retina and retinal pigment epithelium; and pioneering therapies for inherited retinopathies.
Julie Parsonnet, M.D., George DeForest Barnett Professor of Medicine and professor of medicine (infectious diseases) and of epidemiology and population health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif. For elucidating how infectious agents cause chronic disease and research on H. pylori’s roles in malignancy and in modulating host immunity that are widely cited in the field of gastric cancer.
Jonathan Alan Patz, M.D., M.P.H., professor and John P. Holton Chair of Health and the Environment, Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies and department of population health sciences, and director, Global Health Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison. For pioneering deploying technology to fingerprint the public health consequences of global climate change, and being a lead author of the reports published by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the organization that shared the 2007 Nobel Prize with Vice President Gore.
Rafael Perez-Escamilla, Ph.D., professor of public health (social and behavioral sciences), School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. For being a world authority on community-based maternal, infant, and young child feeding programs and assessment of food security, and international recognition for his research on breastfeeding peer counseling programs.
Susan E. Quaggin, M.D., FRCP(C), FASN, Charles Horace Mayo Professor of Medicine and chief of nephrology and hypertension, and director, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago. For enhancing our understanding of common glomerular diseases, inspiring the development of promising therapeutics, and making groundbreaking discoveries regarding blood vessels, lymphatics, and specialized hybrid circulations that have significantly advanced multiple fields.
Scott L. Rauch, M.D., president, psychiatrist-in-chief, and Rose-Marie and Eijk van Otterloo Endowed Chair of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital; and professor of psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. For elucidating the neurocircuitry of anxiety disorders including PTSD and obsessive-compulsive disorder, which has been instrumental in the development of novel treatments.
John A. Rogers, Ph.D., Louis Simpson and Kimberly Querrey Professor, departments of biomedical engineering, neurological surgery, and materials science and engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. For pioneering basic and translational research on novel forms of electronics capable of minimally invasive integration with the human body as clinical-grade wearable technologies, advanced surgical devices, bioresorbable implants, and discovery tools for biomedical research, with applications in cardiology, neurology, neonatology, dermatology, and rehabilitation.
Anil K. Rustgi, M.D., Irving Professor of Medicine and director, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, and associate dean of oncology, department of medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City. For illuminating the importance of GI cancers genomics and genetics and demonstrating that p120-catenin, part of the adherens junctions, is a tumor suppressor gene in cancers and the first to link p120-catenin to mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) in tumor metastasis, advancing therapeutic opportunities.
David G. Schatz, Ph.D., Waldemar Von Zedtwitz Professor of Immunobiology, professor of molecular biophysics and biochemistry, and chair, department of immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. For transforming the immunology field by generating V(D)J recombination in non-lymphoid cells via DNA transfection and, on that basis, co-discovering the RAG1/2 V(D)J recombination proteins.
Dorry L. Segev, M.D., Ph.D., Marjory K. and Thomas Pozefsky Professor of Surgery and Epidemiology and associate vice chair, department of surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. For pioneering kidney exchange and HIV-to-HIV transplantation, from initial research to congressional bill to implementation and national clinical impact, and for changing the landscape of understanding transplant risk prediction through novel big data approaches.
Julie A. Segre, Ph.D., senior investigator, Microbial Genomics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. For pioneering whole-genome sequencing to track the transmission of fully antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacterium in the midst of a deadly hospital outbreak.
Nenad Sestan, M.D., Ph.D., Harvey and Kate Cushing Professor of Neuroscience and professor of comparative medicine, of genetics, and of psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. For pioneering contributions to molecular studies of the developing human brain that have provided an essential foundation for studies of a range of neurological and psychiatric conditions, yielding critical insights into the biology of autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia.
Peter L. Slavin, M.D., president, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. For being an influential voice for academic medical centers in the changing health care landscape, and for his focus on systems innovations to improve quality and value, and the inclusion of community health and diversity, as inextricable components of the academic mission.
Benjamin D. Sommers, M.D., Ph.D., professor of health policy and economics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health / Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston. For his health policy expertise on Medicaid and the health care safety net, and for research and policy advocacy that have influenced the implementation and debate on the future of the Affordable Care Act.
Beth Stevens, Ph.D., associate professor of neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; and member, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston. For redefining our understanding of how the wiring in the brain occurs in early life, and shedding new light on how the nervous and immune systems interact in the brain, in health and disease.
Jacquelyn Taylor, Ph.D., PNP-BC, RN, FAHA, FAAN, professor of nursing, medicine, and population health and Vernice D. Ferguson Endowed Professor in Health Equity, NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York City. For bench-to-community research in gene-environment interaction studies on blood pressure among African Americans that has provided novel contributions on SDoH and omic underpinnings of hypertension.
Mehmet Toner, Ph.D., Helen Andrus Benedict Professor, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown. For creating microfluidic devices with “real life” clinical applications in cancer diagnosis, prenatal diagnosis, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering.
Peter A. Ubel, M.D., Madge and Dennis T. McLawhorn University Professor, Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, Durham, N.C. For research on the psychology of health care decision-making that has revealed the unconscious and irrational forces that influence choices made by patients and physicians.
Catherine S. Woolley, Ph.D., William Deering Chair in Biological Sciences and professor, departments of neurobiology and neurology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. For pioneering research demonstrating estrogen-driven plasticity of neural circuitry and sex-dependent molecular signaling in brain areas related to cognition, epilepsy, and affective disorders.
Catherine J. Wu, M.D., professor of medicine, Harvard Medical School, and chief, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, department of medical oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston. For pioneering the design and implementation of personalized genomics-guided cancer immunotherapy that focused on vaccination strategies to address the challenges of cancer heterogeneity and evolution.
Joseph C. Wu, M.D., Simon H. Stertzer Professor of Medicine and Radiology and director, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif. For seminal contributions and pioneer breakthroughs in the areas of cardiovascular medicine and imaging.
Kristine Yaffe, M.D., Scola Endowed Chair; vice chair of research in psychiatry; professor, departments of psychiatry, neurology, and epidemiology; and director, Center for Population Brain Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. For pioneering work in the epidemiology of dementia, and leadership in identifying modifiable risk factors that transformed the field of cognitive aging and revolutionized our concept of dementia prevention.
Rachel Yehuda, Ph.D., professor and vice chair for veterans affairs for psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City. For identifying a unique neurobiology of PTSD by demonstrating a novel mechanism, enhanced glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity, and providing a roadmap for understanding response variation following trauma exposure, including risk and resilience factors, molecular and epigenetic contributions to PTSD pathophysiology, and treatment.
Richard Allen Young, Ph.D., professor, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and department of biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge. For fundamental insights into gene control in human health and disease, invention of widely used new technologies, and the development of novel therapeutics for cancer.
Newly elected international members and their election citations are:
Marina Cavazzana, M.D., Ph.D., professor of hematology, Paris University Medical School; head of the biotherapy department, Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris; and director, Clinical Investigation Center for Innovative Therapies, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. For revolutionizing the current treatment of severe inherited blood disorders, and pioneering gene therapy clinical trials to cure rare immunodeficiencies based on her expertise on hematopoietic stem cells.
Ama de-Graft Aikins, Ph.D., British Academy Global Professor, Institute of Advanced Studies, University College London, London, United Kingdom. For research that contributed to the development of unique interdisciplinary models to address Africa’s chronic non-communicable disease burden.
Bartholomeus C.J.M. Fauser, M.D., Ph.D., FRCOG, emeritus professor of reproductive medicine, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. For his unique insights as a clinician and basic scientist that have advanced women’s health.
Neil M. Ferguson, D.Phil., FMedSci, vice dean of academic development, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. For major contributions that help our understanding of the epidemiology, evolution, and control of emerging infectious diseases and to the statistical and mathematical methods required to analyze and understand new infectious disease outbreaks.
George Fu Gao, D.V.M., D.Phil., director-general, Chinese Center for Disease Control & Prevention (China CDC); and director and professor, CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. For his contributions to the study of pathogen infection, interspecies transmission, and pathogen-host interaction, and revealing the origin and mechanisms of important pathogens including avian influenza, MERS-CoV, and Zika and Ebola virus.
Jan De Maeseneer, M.D., Ph.D., professor, department of public health and primary care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. For his work in helping to develop primary care training in sub-Saharan Africa and Bolivia.
Paul S. Myles, M.B.B.S., M.P.H., M.D., D.Sc., professor and director, department of anesthesiology and perioperative medicine, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. For designing and leading international multicenter studies, and creating several patient-centered outcome metrics that inform study design and clinical decision-making in surgery.
Stuart W.J. Reid, CBE, Ph.D., FRSE, FRCVS, principal, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom. For contributions in numerous scientific committees and scholarship that have set new standards for responses to emerging epidemics.
Sir Nicholas Wald, FRS, FRCP, FMedSci, D.Sc. (Med), professor of preventive medicine, University College London, and visiting professional appointments at St. Georges University of London and Brown University, London, United Kingdom. For research that provided the scientific rationale for folic acid flour fortification to prevent spina bifida and anencephaly, for effective prenatal screening of spina bifida and Down syndrome, and for prohibiting smoking in public places.
John Eu-Li Wong, M.B.B.S., Isabel Chan Professor in Medical Sciences and senior vice president (health affairs), National University of Singapore; and chief executive, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. For innovation in health care delivery, administration, policy, and public health, and achievements in advancing cancer medicine in Singapore, incorporating scientific and technologic innovations as pillars of Singapore’s research strategy, and implementing innovative models of care in academic health systems for improvement of population health globally.
The National Academy of Medicine, established in 1970 as the Institute of Medicine, is an independent organization of eminent professionals from diverse fields including health and medicine; the natural, social, and behavioral sciences; and beyond. It serves alongside the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering as an adviser to the nation and the international community. Through its domestic and global initiatives, the NAM works to address critical issues in health, medicine, and related policy and inspire positive action across sectors. The NAM collaborates closely with its peer academies and other divisions within the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
